![]() ![]() Raphael was the archangel who showed Enoch where the souls of men reside after death until the judgment. These four angels also accompanied the “Head of Days” when He took Enoch without seeing death ( 1 Enoch, The Kingdom of Heaven, 1). He shared this task with Michael, Gabriel, and Phanuel. The Lord told Raphael to bind Azazel, one of the fallen angels, and cast him in darkness, which contextually would refer to Tartarus ( 1 Enoch, The Watchers, 4:10). He was “set over all the diseases and all the wounds of the children of men” ( 1 Enoch, The Parables, 1:33) and his name, appropriately, means the “healing of the Lord.” Raphael was the archangel in charge of the spirits of men ( 1 Enoch, The Watchers, 7:3). Raphael Archangel Raphael with Bishop Domonte, by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, 17th Century, via Wikimedia Commons When he finished reading, the seven archangels took him back to his home and told him to share the information with his son Methuselah. Uriel then told Enoch to read the heavenly tablets that detail the deeds of men throughout the ages. In the next chapter, the Heavenly Tablets ( 1 Enoch, Kingdom of Heaven), Uriel shares with Enoch how the heavenly order he saw before will turn to chaos. He also taught him their relation to each other and how they influence years, seasons, months, and days, and many other aspects of life. In The Luminaries ( 1 Enoch, Kingdom of Heaven), Uriel is the archangel who shows Enoch the movements of the heavenly bodies and instructs him on their origins. He also showed Enoch an accursed valley where the people who previously rebelled against God shall be judged ( 1 Enoch, The Watchers, 7:47-48). Uriel then informed Enoch that the angels will go to the terrible place he showed Enoch next forever. ![]() Tartarus is the locale where the fallen angels remain for ten thousand years until their judgment ( 1 Enoch, The Watchers, 7:12). Tartarus is the deepest, darkest section of the underworld and likely has its roots in Greek mythology. Uriel was also the archangel who showed Enoch the place allocated for keeping the fallen angels until the judgment ( 1 Enoch, The Watchers, 6:22-23), a place called Tartarus. God gave Uriel the task of warning Noah about the deluge and had to instruct him on how to escape the coming destruction ( 1 Enoch, The Watchers, 4:9).īy implication, Uriel was the archangel assigned to tell Noah how to build the ark. In Hebrew, the name Uriel means “God is my flame.” The Book of Enoch identifies Uriel as the holy angel assigned to oversee the world and over Tartarus. Uriel Mosaic of the archangel Uriel in St John’s Church, Boreham Road, Warminster, Wiltshire, England, 1888, via Wikimedia Commons These four angels wanted to know why God had not yet instructed them to take action acting against the fallen angels.Ĭonsidering each archangel individually and analyzing the meaning of each’s name will inform us about their character and functions, at least as far as the Book of Enoch describes the archangels of the Apocrypha. Michael, Uriel, Raphael, and Gabriel feature in 1 Enoch more prominently than the other archangels. The Watchers 7:2-8 identify the second group of archangels: Uriel, Raphael, Raguel, Michael, Saraqael, Gabriel, and Remiel. The first group is those that had intercourse with human females resulting in many Nephilim (giants) being born. The first iteration of the Book of Enoch ( 1 Enoch) names many angels by name. The Archangels of the Apocrypha According to 1 Enoch Elysium & Tartarus, or The State of Final Retribution, by James Barry, 1808, via the Metropolitan Museum of Art Hades’ arrival in Tartaros, by Joseph Heintz the Younger, 1640, via Wikimedia Commons Several other apocryphal books also contribute to the list of angels that may qualify as archangels of the Apocrypha, but the classification is complicated. Joel, mentioned at the end of the book, sang the Trisagion (holy, holy, holy) to glorify God. According to this Apocryphal book, God instructed Michael, Gabriel, Uriel, and Raphael to use oil to prepare Adam’s body for his funeral. The Apocalypse of Moses, also known as the Life of Adam and Eve, lists five archangels: Michael, Gabriel, Uriel, Raphael, and Joel. 2 Esdras goes by different names in the Slavonic Bible and the Vulgate and do not appear in the Septuagint at all (the Apocrypha can sometimes be confusing in that sense). Other apocryphal books, however, do identify Uriel as an archangel. Uriel is mentioned in 2 Esdras as well but is not identified as an archangel. The first explicit reference to an archangel comes from the Apocryphal book 2 Esdras (4:36), and only Jeremiel is called an archangel in it. ![]() Michael and Archangels, by Hieronymus Wierix, 1570 – 1619, via the Metropolitan Museum of Art ![]()
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